• Pronomi di oggetto indiretto
     
    1. Indirect Object Nouns answer the questions: for what?  for whom?
     
    Abbiamo regalato un libro di cucina allo zio Giovanni.
    We gave a cookbook to Uncle Giovanni.
     
     Ho comprato il regalo per Maria.
    I bought a gift for Maria.
     
    Puoi spiegare questa ricetta a Paolo?
    Can you explanin this recipe to Paola?
     
    2.  Indirect Object Pronouns REPLACE indirecr object nouns.
    Note: The are identical to direct-object pronouns except for the third person forms:
    Le, gli, le and Loro, gli (loro)
     
    INDIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS
     
    me =                mi                           us =              ci
     
    you (inf) =        ti                             you (pl) =    vi
     
    you (formal) = Le                          you (formal -fem) = Loro
                                                             you (formal - masch) = Loro
     
    her, it -               le                         them (f) =       gli (loro)
     
    him, it =             gli                      them (m) =    gli (loro)
    Rules for Indirect Object Pronouns:
     
    1. Like direct object pronouns, they PRECEDE (come before) the conjugated verb.
    Except for Loro/loro, which come after the verb.
    Esempio: Le hai dato le ricette?  Did you give (to) her the recipes?
     
    2.  Like direct object pronouns, they are attached to the infinitive, and the -e of the infinitive is dropped.
    Esempio: Non ho piu tempo di parlargli.   I no longer have time to talk to him.
     
    Note: if the infinitive is preceded by (comes before) a form of DOVERE, POTERE, VOLERE,
    the indirect object pronoun can either be attached to the infinitive (after dropping the -e)
    or it can precede the conjugated verb.
    Esempio:
    Voglio parlargli da solo.    I want to talk to him alone.
    Gli voglio parlare da solo.         "
     
    3.  In contemporary usage, Loro and loro have been replaced by gli.
    (If Loro/loro is used, it must follow the verb.)
    Esempio:
    More common:   Gli parliamo domani.         We'll talk to them tomorrow.
    Rarely used:         Parliamo loro domani.