Pronomi di oggetto indiretto
1. Indirect Object Nouns answer the questions: for what? for whom?
Abbiamo regalato un libro di cucina allo zio Giovanni.
We gave a cookbook to Uncle Giovanni.
Ho comprato il regalo per Maria.
I bought a gift for Maria.
Puoi spiegare questa ricetta a Paolo?
Can you explanin this recipe to Paola?
2. Indirect Object Pronouns REPLACE indirecr object nouns.
Note: The are identical to direct-object pronouns except for the third person forms:
Le, gli, le and Loro, gli (loro)
INDIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS
me = mi us = ci
you (inf) = ti you (pl) = vi
you (formal) = Le you (formal -fem) = Loro
you (formal - masch) = Loro
her, it - le them (f) = gli (loro)
him, it = gli them (m) = gli (loro)
Rules for Indirect Object Pronouns:
1. Like direct object pronouns, they PRECEDE (come before) the conjugated verb.
Except for Loro/loro, which come after the verb.
Esempio: Le hai dato le ricette? Did you give (to) her the recipes?
2. Like direct object pronouns, they are attached to the infinitive, and the -e of the infinitive is dropped.
Esempio: Non ho piu tempo di parlargli. I no longer have time to talk to him.
Note: if the infinitive is preceded by (comes before) a form of DOVERE, POTERE, VOLERE,
the indirect object pronoun can either be attached to the infinitive (after dropping the -e)
or it can precede the conjugated verb.
Esempio:
Voglio parlargli da solo. I want to talk to him alone.
Gli voglio parlare da solo. "
3. In contemporary usage, Loro and loro have been replaced by gli.
(If Loro/loro is used, it must follow the verb.)
Esempio:
More common: Gli parliamo domani. We'll talk to them tomorrow.
Rarely used: Parliamo loro domani.